{"id":820,"date":"2010-02-05T09:27:28","date_gmt":"2010-02-05T09:27:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/transportsdufutur.ademe.fr\/?p=820"},"modified":"2010-02-05T09:27:28","modified_gmt":"2010-02-05T09:27:28","slug":"focus-sur-la-finlande","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/transportsdufutur.ademe.fr\/2010\/02\/focus-sur-la-finlande.html","title":{"rendered":"Focus sur la Finlande"},"content":{"rendered":"

Comment un pays semi d\u00e9sertique, soumis \u00e0 un climat rigoureux, habit\u00e9 par seulement 5.3 millions de personnes, se place en t\u00eate des classements internationaux (IDH<\/font><\/a><\/span><\/strong>, legatum prosperity<\/font><\/a><\/span><\/strong>), ainsi qu'en mati\u00e8re de recherche dans le domaine des transports.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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Monsieur Nils-Olof Nylund, research professor, D.Tech at <\/span>VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, nous fournit quelques elements :<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

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Dear M.Nylund, can you give us a short presentation of VTT, your key actions concerning energy for transport ?<\/font><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

VTT is the largest research organisation<\/font><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/strong> in the Nordic countries with some 3000 employees. VTT is a multidisciplinary institute. Energy is one of the technology focus areas. I'm working as Research Professor for energy use in transport and engine technology. We have a staff of some 30 people working in this field. In 2009, VTT started up a national research programme TransEco<\/a><\/span><\/strong>. The main themes of the five year programme are energy efficiency and renewable energy. We have a good network within TransEco with participation from 4 ministries, government agencies, companies and research institutes. VTT is participating actively in IEA <\/span><\/a><\/span><\/strong>activities, mainly Advanced Fuel Cells, Advanced Motor Fuels and Bioenergy. The Hybrid and Electric Vehicle agreement is handled by <\/span>Aalto<\/span> <\/span>University<\/span> (former Technical University of Helsinki).<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

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What is The finish approach in term of research and industrial collaboration ?<\/font><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

We have good networks and a capability to work together. The new TransEco research programme is a good example of this. We have a national funding agency (Tekes) for technology and innovation, and they try to focus financing on activities which actually can lead to business. One such area is thought to be advanced biofuels for transport. <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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Neste Oil and Stora Enso collaboration<\/font><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/strong> is a good example on the Finnish way of working together. The demonstration plant at Stora Enso's pulp and paper mill in Varkaus is based on VTT's gasification and gas cleaning technology. So it is actually tripartite cooperation: VTT-Neste-Stora Enso. In the long run we must stop using edible feedstock for biofuels production, and this venture is a step in the right direction. There are also other consortia in <\/span>Finland<\/span> thinking about BTL production. We here in <\/span>Finland<\/span> have vast biomass resources in our forests. BTL biodiesel will be pure paraffinic diesel. In fact, Neste Oil is already commercially producing paraffinic diesel through hydrogenation of vegetable oils and animal fats (NExBTL<\/font><\/a><\/span><\/strong>). We already have a fleet of some 300 buses running on high concentration (30 and 100 %) NExBTL here in <\/span>Helsinki<\/span>. In this way can accumulate experience of pure paraffinic fuels already at this stage, and get the vehicle manufacturers and operators to accept this new type of fuel. <\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

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What is your idea for future transportation systems ?<\/font><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Today's system is not sustainable, so there is a lot o f work to do. Energy efficiency comes first, in the case of passenger cars it is easy to switch to smaller and more fuel efficient cars. Electrification is coming, but perhaps not as rapidly as many people would hope. Here in <\/span>Finland<\/span> we already have a charging infrastructure for EVs, as we have power outlets for electric engine block heaters we use during the wintertime. Electricity is not applicable to all sectors, so we will need ICE equipped vehicles also in the future. Hopefully they can, in increasing volumes, use sustainably produced biofuels. <\/span>Finland<\/span> is a scarcely populated country with big distances. Greater <\/span>Helsinki<\/span> is only some one million people, so creating really effective public transport systems in <\/span>Finland<\/span> is a challenge. We will never be able to build such an extensive metro system like you have in <\/span>Paris<\/span>.<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

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Thank you M.Nylund !<\/font><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

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L\u2019exemple Neste Oil \u2013 Stora enso est particuli\u00e8rement int\u00e9ressant. Une des principales ressources de la Finlande est en effet le bois. Pour maximiser l\u2019utilisation de cette ressource, cette collaboration montre une solution possible la multig\u00e9n\u00e9ration : produire simultan\u00e9ment du papier, du carburant, de l\u2019\u00e9nergie. Cette voie ne peut \u00eatre g\u00e9n\u00e9ralisable, chacun devra trouver localement quel est le meilleur usage de sa principale ressource. <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

En parall\u00e8le Neste Oil, avec son NexBTL, pr\u00e9figure l\u2019industrie des biocarburants de 2\u00e8me<\/sup> g\u00e9n\u00e9ration. <\/font><\/span>Apr\u00e8s des pilotes et deux unit\u00e9s de 200.000 m3\/an situ\u00e9es en Finlande, le groupe construit une unit\u00e9 de 800.000 m3\/an le plus proche possible de l\u2019huile, \u00e0 Singapour<\/font><\/a><\/span><\/strong>, et une autre facile d\u2019acc\u00e8s pour livrer l\u2019huile brute, dans le port Rotterdam<\/a>.<\/span><\/strong> Le choix d\u2019implantation des usines de biocarburants de 2\u00e8me<\/sup> g\u00e9n\u00e9ration sera donc dict\u00e9 en priorit\u00e9 par des questions logistiques et \u00e9conomiques. Il est donc probable que les unit\u00e9s soient plac\u00e9es avant tout au c\u0153ur des zones naturelles (donc \u00e9conomiques) de production de biomasse \u2013 sous les tropiques, ou au c\u0153ur des zones de transit mondiaux \u2013 dans les ports.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Comment un pays semi d\u00e9sertique, soumis \u00e0 un climat rigoureux, habit\u00e9 par seulement 5.3 millions…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[76,89,105,135,174,194,203],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/transportsdufutur.ademe.fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/820"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/transportsdufutur.ademe.fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/transportsdufutur.ademe.fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/transportsdufutur.ademe.fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/transportsdufutur.ademe.fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=820"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/transportsdufutur.ademe.fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/820\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/transportsdufutur.ademe.fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=820"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/transportsdufutur.ademe.fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=820"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/transportsdufutur.ademe.fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=820"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}